Most Common Human Fever Causing Virus

The Epstein-Barr Virus is one of most common causes of fever in human beings. It is estimated to affect 95% of adults.

Mononucleosis, also regularly known as "Mono," is a debilitating infection generally caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Symptoms include fever, a general feeling of malaise, headaches and sore throat. Lymph nodes in the neck and armpits may also become swollen, as may the spleen and liver. An infection can often be accompanied by an irritating rash similar to that caused by measles.

Mono is also known as "the kissing disease," as it is usually spread by the exchange of saliva with an infected individual. The age with the highest risk for infection is between fifteen and eighteen years - though infection can very easily occur earlier or later in life. Health professionals estimate that by middle age, 95% of a normal population will have been infected at some point in their lives.

Treatment options for the fever and swelling caused by mononucleosis is limited - the Epstein-Barr virus does not respond to any known anti-viral drugs or vaccines, so medical intervention is limited to managing the symptoms themselves. Plenty of rest is recommended, along with an adequate intake of fluids and, ultimately, sufficient time for the patient to recover naturally. Some doctors do approve the use of steroids in an effort to manage the swelling of lymph nodes, if particularly severe.

The infection can last for several months, with the worst symptoms, such as the fever, disappearing within ten to fourteen days and swelling to glands and organs receding within a month. Many patients, however, report general feelings of fatigue for several months after an infection.

To avoid infection, people should avoid contact with persons showing obvious symptoms of mononucleosis, as the virus is very easily transmitted during the early stages of an outbreak. The Epstein-Barr virus can survive for several hours outside of the body, so it is unwise to share utensils and drinking vessels, etc. with an infected person.